Terpenoid Profiling of Organic Extract Citrus nobilis Peel by using Soxhlet Extraction

Profiling Terpenoid dari Ekstrak Organik Kulit Citrus nobilis melalui Ekstraksi Sokhlet

Abstract

Banyuwangi Regency is a major producer of citrus fruits; however, the peels and leaves are seldom utilized for high-value applications, leading to their accumulation as organic waste. One promising strategy to enhance the economic value of these by products is the extraction of essential oils from citrus peels. This study investigates the extraction of Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis) peels using the Soxhlet method with four different solvents: n-hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol. Two peel treatment conditions were employed: (1) fresh peels, and (2) air-dried peels stored for 14 days both of which were incubated at room temperature in the extractor before the extraction process. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analyzed indicated that the main terpenoid component in the peel extract was dl-limonene based on relative abundance, ranging from 23.94% to 58.90%, depending on the solvent which used and the initial treatment of the citrus peels. The results revealed that Soxhlet extraction of fresh citrus using chloroform produced an organic extract with relative abundance of dl-limonene, amounting to 58.90%.